蒙古族聚居地建筑的地域性与民族性关系研究

内蒙古地区是以蒙古族为主体的少数民族聚居地,当地建筑的地域性与民族性特征显著。本研究选取内蒙古中部地区2个典型村落为例,从地形环境、村落布局、建筑形式、空间结构、材料及装饰等方面进行调研、分析、比较研究。研究认为,在民族聚居地地域性特征是影响建筑的显性因素,对建筑的形制、规模、形态有决定作用;民族性特征则相对隐性,在“精神”层面影响建筑内涵。     

从环境与生态角度出发的现代城市地域性建筑设计

从环境与生态层面出发的现代城市地域性建筑在反映气候对具体设计条件的重要影响方面成为一个最受关注的内容,在场地、微环境以及自然要素的把握上,总是要因地就势,从地域实情出发,以现代设计观念通过适宜的技术创造和谐与生态的栖居与人类活动环境。     

在建筑设计创作中地域建筑文化传承的实现

经济的快速发展不仅促使人们生活水平的快速提高,更是对人们生活的各个方面带来了冲击。经济的发展和经济全球化对民族文化的冲击已得到较为深入的研究,对加强民族文化的发展和保护已成为了社会共识。如何在现代建筑设计中完美地融合和继承建筑文化精华成为了当前建筑设计的重要问题。本文从地域文化建筑的传承出发,结合当前建筑设计的创作要求进行探讨和分析。     

凤城·展翅--2016年唐山世界园艺博览会2号主门区设计

第32届世界园艺博览会于2016年4月29日至10月16日在唐山举行,本届主题是“都市与自然·凤凰涅槃”。主门区是世园会的重要组成部分,能够直接展现世园会的园林景观与举办地的城市文化。位于南部的2号主门区确定了“凤城·展翅”的构思主题,通过对园艺文化、地域文化、民俗文化的挖掘提炼,运用绿色生态的设计手法,给人以强烈的视觉印象,展现出园林城市风采,树立起良好世园形象。     

基于分数阶控制的防空火炮伺服系统研究

针对防空火炮对伺服系统高精度和强鲁棒性的要求,本文提出了一种分数阶控制器的设计方法。建立了火炮伺服系统的数学模型,分析了分数阶位置控制器结构,提出并推导了基于相位裕度、截止频率、低频段精度点、振荡度指标等约束条件来进行参数整定的分数阶控制器综合设计方法。仿真结果和实验结果表明,本文所设计的分数阶控制器使得伺服系统具有控制精度高、频带宽、鲁棒性强等显著特点,这为防空火炮伺服系统设计提供了一种新方法。     

基于 LS 和 MTS 的两阶段滚动轴承故障特征选择方法

滚动轴承故障预测和健康管理(PHM)方法可以提取大量的故障特征数据,这些数据虽然有很大的潜在价值,但也存在高维、高冗余性的特点,难以直接分析和利用。因此,针对轴承故障特征数据的特点,以去除数据冗余性、筛选敏感特征为目的,提出两阶段特征选择算法。该方法的第1阶段采用拉普拉斯得分(LS)对原始特征按局部保持能力进行排序,利用互信息聚类算法删除特征集中的冗余特征。第2阶段采用多变量模式识别中的马田系统(MTS)方法对剩余特征进行综合评价,挖掘对故障分类更有效的特征。轴承退化仿真试验数据验证结果表明,提出的两阶段特征选择算法可以有效地去除冗余度、提高故障监测准确率,可以有效的运用到滚动轴承的初期故障检测中。     

人工制备遗址土蠕变试验研究

为了研究糯米浆对土蠕变特性的影响,用不同含水量、不同糯米浆掺入量配制人工制备遗址土。通过单轴蠕变试验,研究了不同压力条件下人工制备遗址土的蠕变特性。试验结果表明：含水量越大,蠕变现象越明显。随着糯米浆掺量的增加,人工制备遗址土的蠕变量呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,在土与糯米浆质量比为90:10时,蠕变量达到最小。根据试验结果,分别建立了适合人工制备遗址土蠕变特性的经验蠕变模型和基于分数阶微积分的非线性黏弹性模型。通过对比发现,基于分数阶微积分的非线性黏弹性模型能弥补传统经验模型不能描述瞬时应变的缺陷,更好地反应人工制备遗址土的蠕变特性。     

Deregulation,flexibilization and privatization: historical and critical perspective of the brazilian electric sector

This article presents the trajectory of the electricity sector in Brazil under a historical-critical perspective. It also seeks to understand the origin of the crisis of this type of State, its substitution by the regulatory-controlling State, and how neoliberal ideas have managed to gain space in the guiding thought of the Brazilian economy. Lastly, the transformations of the electricity sector motivated by the crisis of the market model — identified by the rationing of electricity in 2001/2002 — are observed, which gave rise to the Brazilian hybrid model, structured between 2003 and 2016, as well as the resumption of liberal thought in 2017/2018. As a methodological pathway, a theoretical study was developed from a historical-critical perspective.     

Reunification: The case for concerted regulatory reform in the U.S. electricity industry

America’s electricity system is in a state of regulatory disarray, and has been for two decades, since the move to restructure the industry that began in the 1990s, which initially faltered with the California crisis of 2000–2001, eventually resulted in a patchwork of state regulatory models, some of which adopted some form of modified restructuring, and others which explicitly resisted it. Many in the industry have attempted to put a positive spin on this patchwork of starkly different regulatory models, arguing that they represent different “laboratories” for exploring the benefits and limitations of each variant. This paper argues that the opposite is the case, and that the reluctance of the industry to make a frank assessment of the benefits and drawbacks of restructuring, and in particular to address the question of why the “flawed” regulatory model that it was intended to replace continues to survive and even thrive in much of the country, has produced a sort of stagnation, in which there is much talk of evolution in regulation and new business models, but little or no tangible progress. The fact that new trends and developments in the industry, such as declining electricity growth and the rise of distributed energy resources, will present serious challenges to all existing regulatory and business models in the electricity industry, makes it imperative that a fresh and unbiased look be taken at regulatory policy. But more than this, to avoid the stagnation that regulatory “agnosticism” has produced over the past two decades, the industry should set as its goal the search for a single state regulatory model that will be flexible enough to accommodate regional differences in generation sources and distributed generation penetration, and adaptable enough to effectively manage the changes which are arising from changing electricity usage patterns and new technological developments. The paper concludes with some suggestions on how to effectively conduct such a program.     

热电偶分数阶传递函数阶次和参数估计

为了研究热电偶动态特性,用分数阶模型进行建模和模型辨识。测量瞬态温度时,温度响应存在延迟,该测量过程属于物理上的延迟过程或者叫做遗传过程。热电偶与被测介质接触时,测量接点和偶丝都产生热量传递。测量接点的温度分布取决于介质与测量接点的换热以及测量接点与偶丝之间的导热。根据分数阶微积分理论,引入时间分数阶微积分建立了热电偶半无限固体导热模型。模型描述了露端式热电偶测量接点与被测介质之间的换热过程,包括测量接点与偶丝的热量传递。通过分数阶拉普拉斯变换得到一种阶次呈比例的分数阶传递函数结构,这种结构的传递函数描述了测量接点热惯性的延迟和热电偶偶丝热扩散的单相延迟。建立了热电偶测量固体表面温度的实验系统,采集热电偶在温度激励下的输入和输出。根据输入和输出数据,用改进Luus-Jaakola算法对分数阶传递函数的参数和阶次进行了估计。实验和计算结果表明,变阶次分数阶传递函数的拟合结果优于固定阶次分数阶传递函数。